That would be peptide bonds
Answer:
My guess would be H₂O/ water, since osmosis is a form of passive transport and I can't see the model the question references. Gases like O₂/ oxygen, CO₂/ carbon dioxide, and simple sugars like glucose can also pass through a cell membrane with passive transport though.
Manipulated Variable:The speed working on maths problems
Responding Variable: The group that use¬ using a calculator
Controlled Variable:The same maths quetions
A energy barrier must be overcome.