Pretty sure it’s Europe because it’s between 13 and 17.5 million vehicles, it might be Japan but pretty sure it’s europe
4. Correct. You also could have used the limit test for divergence for the same conclusion (the summand approaches infinity).
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14. I'm guessing the instructions are the same as for 16. Rewrite as

Now recall that for

, we have

so that for this function, we get

Because this is a geometric sum, this converges when

, or

. This would be the interval of convergence.
Your hunch about checking the endpoints is correct. Checking is easy in this case, because at the endpoints (-3/2 and 3/2) the series obviously diverges.
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16. This one is kind of tricky, and there's more than one way to do it. The standard method would be to take the antiderivative:

We also have

and differentiating this gives

By the ratio test, this converges when

The limit reduces to

and so the series converges absolutely for

. Checking the endpoints is also easy in this case. The factor of

is a clear sign that the series will diverge at either extreme.
The second option. Consecutive interior
Elaborate what do the symbols stand for pmme if you need more help.