Question

The shortsightedness effect suggests that a.politicians have a strong incentive to support projects that yield immediate and easily recognized benefits, especially when the costs of the projects are difficult to identify and are observable only in the distant future. b.politicians have a strong incentive to support projects that yield benefits in the distant future, especially when the costs of the project must be paid for in the current period. c.voters will tend to weigh future costs and benefits more heavily than current costs and benefits. d.legislators will be unwilling to trade votes on issues, especially when those issues benefit only special interest groups

Answer 1

The answer is: politicians have a strong incentive to support projects that yield immediate and easily recognized benefits, especially when the costs of the projects are difficult to identify and are observable only in the distant future

In our current political system , politicians have a constant threat of losing their position if they do not show any results to their voter base during the election period.

This means that they are much more likely to support the projects that  yield immediate and easily recognized benefits in order to maintain high approval rating and increase their chance of being re-elected.