Part A
There are 16 different outcomes because 4*4 = 16. There are four letters so that's why we multiply those two '4' terms. This is only if we allow repeat letters. If we spun 3 times, then we would have three copies of '4' multiplied together. This idea can be extended on forever.
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Part B
The 16 different outcomes are:
{H,H} {H,P} {H,E} {H,O} {P,H} {P,P} {P,E} {P,O} {E,H} {E,P} {E,E} {E,O} {O,H} {O,P} {O,E} {O,O}
Each different outcome is in its own set of curly braces.
