Answer:
1st graph/diagram --> 2nd description (between top and bottom)
2nd graph/diagram --> 3rd description (bottom/last one)
3rd graph/diagram --> 1st description (top one)
A vaccine works by training the immune system to recognize and combat pathogens, either viruses or bacteria.
14. It would indirect and 15. Direct
<h3>Anthrax is an uncommon, but deadly, disease produced by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming bacterium.</h3>
<u>Explanation</u>
- Anthrax bacteria usually enter the body through a skin wound. You can have become infected if you intake tainted meat or inhale the spores.
- ID50, the number of microorganisms needed to create a demonstrable infection by 50 percent.
- The ID50 for cutaneous anthrax attributable to Bacillus anthracis is 10-50 endospores, while the ID50 for inhalation anthrax is 10,000 to 20,000 endospores.
- Ciprofloxacin is the alternative treatment for anthrax when mutated forms are identified. It is suggested for post- inhalation anthrax.
Answer:
In the given case, the two scientists are working on a barley plant, independently determined a short plant mutation, and thus, created homozygous recessive lines of short plants. The measurements of the normal tall plants' height in comparison to the mutant short plants were performed carefully, which showed that the two mutant lines were having similar height.
In order to test whether these two mutant lines are carrying mutation of similar genes or of the distinct genes, complementation test is performed. In the test, it was found that the tall nature is dominant over the short. The complementation test takes place when the two strains of the organism exhibiting different homozygous recessive mutations generate the same phenotype, which is mutant and is also generating the wild type offspring when mated or crossed because of recessive mutation.
Complementation will take place only when there is a mutation in different genes. In the given case because of the wild type offspring, a complementation test will take place showing mutation of distinct genes. When the two strains are identical, there will be no generation of wild-type offspring because of which complementation test will not take place.
