These two frog species separate by reduced hybrid viability. In reduced hybrid viability gene of different parent species may interact and impair the hybrid's development while in a reduced hybrid fertility a viable individual is sterile often due to the inability to produce normal gametes in meiosis. Hybrid breakdown; the first generation are viable and fertile, but when they mate the offspring are feeble and sterile.
Number 3 is microorganisms.
Maria formed Basaltic Lava.
B! The strongest characteristics will survive when the weak ones won't