Answer:
Roots. Roots are simple tissues that are derived from the stem of the plant.
Xylem. The xylem is tissue that transports water throughout the plant.
Phloem. The phloem is the plant's food transportation system.
:)
Human monoclonal antibody (mAbs) are emerging in the field of cancer therapy and have become an increasing proportion of new drugs that are recently approved. Although there are some methods to obtain antigen-specific mAbs from human B cells, it is generally impossible to directly immunize human beings with antigens of interest. For example, for infectious agents, those approaches are largely restricted. To solve these obstacles, two main approaches have been developed; either by humanizing antigen-specific antibodies from small experimental animals (which is laborious due to the great genetic differences from humans) or rely on the in vitro selection of antigen-specific binders from human antibody repertoires. However, the human mAbs developed by these methods are usually with low affinity.
We are now coming up with a much better idea that is humanizing non-human primates mAbs instead of murine mAbs. Due to the close genetic relationship with humans, immunized NHPs have more potential to be isolated with high affinity antibody to human target than other experimental species, such as mouse, rat and rabbit. In addition, with appropriate method, NHP antibodies are much<span> easier to be humanized</span> without any loss of affinity compared to widely used murine antibodies.
Resource: http://www.creative-biolabs.com/High-Affi-TM-Human-Antibody-Discovery.html
Answer:
I just answered this same question for my Biology class hope this helps :)
Explanation:
A hydrogen bond is when positive and negative hydrogen forms together; this explains why cohesion sticks molecules together . Because of cohesion, the water molecules stick together and form a surface; this property is responsible for surface tension. Adhesion is the ability for water to stick to other substances; this helps with capillary action. Hydrogen bonding also explains why water's boiling point is higher than some liquid . With this, water has a high specific heat; this is because the water takes a lot of energy to raise (or lower) the temperature. Once again, hydrogen bonding is essential to another property. This property causes water to expand and to have a low density when frozen.
