Answer:
D. 1 BB : 2 Bb : 1 bb
Explanation:
This question involves a single gene coding for fur color in guinea pig. Black fur (B) is dominant over white fur (b). This means that, as stated in the question, if a black fur parent (BB) is crossed with a white fur parent (bb), a 100% heterozygous offspring (Bb) with black fur will result.
If two heterozygous guinea pigs are crossed i.e. Bb × Bb, the following gametes will be produced by each heterozygous parent:
Bb = B and b
Using these gametes in a punnet square (see attached image), offsprings with the following genotypic ratio will be produced:
1 BB : 2 Bb : 1 bb
BB and Bb = black fur guinea pigs
bb = white fur guinea pigs
Chromosome count of the stem cell that produces the gametes 96
Answer:
In a fair test two or more things are compared. In order for a test to be fair or scientifically sound, children are required to ensure only one thing (this is called a variable) is changed.
For example, if testing which material is the most waterproof by pouring liquid onto a selection of different materials, in a fair test only the type of material (the component you are testing) should be changed. Therefore all other elements (the type of liquid used, the amount of liquid used, the distance the liquid is poured from, the speed at which it is poured and the size of the material) must remain the same each time the test is carried out. It would be unfair or an unscientific test if, for example, 1000ml of water were poured onto a piece of foil and 2ml of milk poured onto a piece of foam – you would not be able to fairly compare the materials.
hope this will help you!!!.....
Answer:
For every turn of the citric acid cycle, one molecule of <u>ATP</u>, four molecules of <u>NADH </u>and one <u>FADH₂</u> molecule is produced.
Explanation:
"For each turn of the cycle, a molecule equivalent to ATP is produced, and 5 pairs of high-energy electrons are captured by 5 carrier molecules: 4 NADH molecules and 1 FADH2. FAD and FADH2 are molecules similar to NAD+ and NADH, respectively"
Hope this helps
Answer:
Cell size is determined by joint regulation of cell size and cell cycle duration.
Size dependent modulation of growth rate allows maintenance of cell size homeostasis.
Central carbon metabolism is key regulator of both cell size and cell cycle.
Size dependent regulation of metabolism and growth rate implies cell size sensing. As the cell increases in size the volume of the cell increases more rapidly than the surface area which causes a decrease in the cell's ratio of surface area to volume and makes it more difficult for the cell to move needed materials in and waste products out.
DNA- variety of genes are involved in the control of cell growth and division. The cell cycle is the cell’s way of replicating itself in an organized, step-by-step fashion. Tight regulation of this process ensures that a dividing cell’s DNA is copied properly, any errors in the DNA are repaired, and each daughter cell receives a full set of chromosomes. The cycle has checkpoints (also called restriction points), which allow certain genes to check for problems and halt the cycle for repairs if something goes wrong. If a cell has an error in its DNA that cannot be repaired, it may undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis). Apoptosis is a common process throughout life that helps the body get rid of cells it doesn’t need. Cells that undergo apoptosis break apart and are recycled by a type of white blood cell called a macrophage. Apoptosis protects the body by removing genetically damaged cells that could lead to cancer, and it plays an important role in the development of the embryo and the maintenance of adult tissues. Cancer results from a disruption of the normal regulation of the cell cycle. When the cycle proceeds without control, cells can divide without order and accumulate genetic defects that can lead to a cancerous tumor.
Nutrients and waste- The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places on its DNA. In addition, the cell has more trouble moving enough nutrients and wastes across the cell membrane. The resulting decrease in the cell's ratio surface area to volume makes it more difficult for the cell to move needed materials in and waste products out.
Surface area of the cell- The amount of surface area available to each unit of the cell depends on the size of the cell. As a cell grows, it's surface area/volume ration decreases. At some point of the cells growth, the surface area/volume ratio becomes so small that the surface area is too small to supply raw materials to its volume. materials cannot enter the cell if the surface is too large. ... the cell may become too large to take in enough food and to remove enough wastes. waste products cannot leave the cell if the cell is too small.
Cell volume-
Explanation:
Hope this is helpful?
