Answer:1
There are three different types of vertical marketing systems: a corporate system, a contractual system, and an administered system. The three types of vertical marketing systems are contractual, corporate and Administered. A corporate system is desenbed as one in the combination of successive stages of production and distribution under single ownership.
A contractual system is described as an independent production and distribution firms integrate their efforts on a contractual basis to obtain a greater functional economies and marketing impact than they could achieve on their own. There are three variations of contractual systems which include
1.) wholesaler sponsored voluntary chains (wholesaler develops a contractual relationship with a small independent retailer to coordinate and standardize practices)
2.) retailer sponsored (small independent retailers form an organization that operates a wholesale facility cooperatively, for example Ace Hardware company and an individual
3.) Franchising: the most visible variation of contractual systems, it is a contractual agreement between a parent that allows a franchise to operate under an established name, i.e. your family owning a McDonald's
Administered system: achieve coordination at successive stages of production and distribution by the size and influence of one channel member rather than through ownership. For example, Proctor and Gamble as well as Walmart.
Explanation:
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Answer:
Social media and the internet at large played an important role in the facilitation of interaction and communication among people who participated in political protests. These protesters made use of social media to organize both pro and anti-governmental demonstrations, pass information to members about the activities of the protests, and also raise both global and local awareness of how the events unfolded.
The utilization of social media in political movements helped in providing opportunities for activists in the formation of online identities for the protest groups. In this light, social media helped in the promotion of competition in the political systems and dialogue.
Explanation:
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