Answer:
1. Operating plan.
2. Operating plan.
3. Financial plan.
4. Dividend policy.
5. B and C.
Explanation:
1. Operating plan: provides detailed implementation guidance for a firm's operations, as well as a forecast of the company's expected future free cash flows.
2. Operating plan: provides the inputs necessary for a risk management evaluation using sensitivity analysis, scenario analysis, or simulations.
3. Financial plan: Is based on knowledge of the amount of funds necessary to compensate the firm's shareholders, and the mix of debt and equity capital used to finance the firm.
4. Dividend policy: sets forth specific targets for cash or share distributions to the firm's shareholders.
Capital structure: describes specific targets for the mix of debt and equity used to finance a firm.
Financial planning can be defined as the process of estimating the amount of capital required for the smooth operations of the business and determine how to achieve the firm's set goals and objectives.
Hence, the following statements are true about financial planning;
I. Once a firm's forecasted financial statements are prepared, the firm must determine how much capital it will need to support these plans.
II. Management must monitor operations after implementing a financial plan to detect deviations from the plan and adjust accordingly.
Answer:
Allocative efficiency is about distributing or allocating resources in the best possible manner. E.g. in order to fight the current pandemic, more resources ($) is allocated to different health care institutions.
Productive efficiency is about how a company or a person uses the resources that it has in order to produce the greatest amount of benefits at the lowest possible cost. E.g. in a hospital, if a doctor is able to treat 15 patients per day, his/her productive efficiency will be higher than another doctor that only treats 10 patients per day.
Based on the present value of the annual cash flows and the investment cost, the present value index is 1.39
<h3>How is the present value index calculated?</h3>
To find the present value index, use the formula:
= Present value of cash flow/Investment cost
The present value of cash flow is:
= Annual cash flows x Present value interest factor of annuity, 9%, 4 years
= 2,480 x 3.239719877
= $8,034.51
The present value index is:
= 8,034.51 / 5,800
= 1.39
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Tragic flaw is a literary device that can be defined as a trait in a character leading to his downfall, and the character is often the hero of the literary piece. This trait could be the lack of self-knowledge, lack of judgment, and often it is hubris (pride).