In order to solve this problem we use these formula:
<span>p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1p + q = 1p = % dominant allele in the population
q = % recessive allele in the population
p2 = % homozygous dominant individuals
q2 = % homozygous recessive individuals
2pq = % heterozygous individualsFrom the given, we haveq2 = 21%Simply taking the square root,q = 4.58%</span>
Based on respiratory function tests, the correct options are:
- spirometer.
- vital capacity
- residual volume.
<h3>What is a respiratory function tests?</h3>
A respiratory function test is a test done to evaluate the ability of the lungs to take in air and remove carbon dioxide
The machine used for this test is called a spirometer.
Therefore;
- Ms. L's respiratory function was evaluate using a machine called a spirometer.
- The amount of air that can be expelled by maximum ex-halation after maximum inhalation is termed the vital capacity
- An increase in the amount of air remaining in her lungs after a normal expiration is called the residual volume.
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Answer:
C
Explanation:
Membranes will allow and inhibit certain ions/molecules. I don't believe it can distinguish whether the molecules are harmful or beneficial!
The first step in the formation of the human embrayo and it is called fertilization.
<h3>What is fertilization?</h3>
The first step in the formation of a human embrayo is called fertilization. The term fertilization has to do with fusion of the male and female gametes to form a zygote.
Hence, the diagram as shown is the first step in the formation of the human embrayo and it is called fertilization.
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Explanation:
Respiration in the mitochondria utilizes oxygen for the production of ATP in the Krebs’ or Citric acid cycle via the oxidization of pyruvate (through the process of glycolysis in the cytoplasm).
overall: C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ≈38 ATP
Further Explanation:
In all eukaryotic cells, mitochondria are small cellular organelles bound by membranes, these make most of the chemical energy required for powering the biochemical reactions within the cell. This chemical energy is stored within the molecule ATP which is produced.
Oxidative phosphorylation follows; this is a process in which the NADH and FADH2 made in previous steps of respiration process give up electrons in the electron transport chain these are converted it to their previous forms, NADH+ and FAD. Electrons continue to move down the chain the energy they release is used in pumping protons out of the matrix of the mitochondria.
This forms a gradient where there is a differential in the number of protons on either side of the membrane the protons flow or re-enter the matrix through the enzyme ATP synthase, which makes the energy storage molecules of ATP from the reduction of ADP. At the end of the electron transport, three molecules of oxygen accept electrons and protons to form molecules of water...
- Glycolysis: occurs in the cytoplasm. 2 molecules of ATP are used to cleave glucose into 2 pyruvates, 4 ATP and 2 electron carrying NADH molecules. (2 ATP are utilized for a net ATP of 2)
- The Citric acid or Kreb's cycle: in the mitochondrial matrix- 6 molecules of CO2 are produced by combining oxygen and the carbon within pyruvate, 2 ATP oxygen molecules, 8 NADH and 2 FADH2.
- The electron transport chain, ETC: in the inner mitochondrial membrane, 34 ATP, electrons combine with H+ split from 10 NADH, 4 FADH2, renewing the number of electron acceptors and 3 oxygen; this forms 6 H2O, 10 NAD+, 4 FAD.
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