Answer:
Why are cocoa beans fermented?
Explanation:
Cocoa beans are fermented so as to destroy the seed coat, kill the germ and give the cocoa a good taste.
I think the common between low-latitude countries would be people's skin color and If you compare the Philippines and its neighboring countries, they have more or less similar physical attributes. Typical Filipinos looked similar with Indonesians.
For Southeast Asia, i would also consider religion is common between the two. Both the Philippines and the other Southeast Asian countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand, they have a large number of Muslim settlers while other tropical countries in South America, these countries have similar Spanish ancestry just like the Philippines.
your answer would be D: crust and outer part of the mantel
Based of the map, you can infer that it's D because if you look the rivers are running through multiple countries and act as a border for the countries of Germany, Austria, Hungary, etc.
hopefully this helps