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skelet666 [1.2K]
3 years ago
8

Extracellular pathogens are most effectively targeted by humoral immunity and the production of antibodies, while intracellular

pathogens cannot be reached by antibodies and must therefore be targeted by the cellular immune response. Direction of this response to a particular pathogen is largely governed by the ratio of T-cell types produced and the cytokines these cells secrete locally. More subtle control of this response may also be achieved. For example, TH2 cells directly stimulate B cells to class switch, producing immunoglobulin isotype ________, which is useful in targeting _________.
Health
1 answer:
VLD [36.1K]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

For example, TH2 cells directly stimulate B cells to class switch, producing immunoglobulin isotype IgE, which is useful in targeting parasitic worms.

Explanation:

Immunoglobulin E, or IgE, is a protein present in low blood concentrations that is usually found on the surface of some blood cells, especially basophils and mast cells, for example.

Because it is present on the surface of basophils and mast cells, which are cells that normally appear in higher blood concentrations during allergic reactions, IgE is usually related to allergies; however, its concentration may also be increased in blood due to diseases caused by parasites. and chronic diseases, such as asthma, for example. This is because TH2 cells directly stimulate B cells for class switching, producing the IgE isotype of immunoglobulin, which is useful in targeting parasitic worms.

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Several of Linda's family members have died from heart disease-related complications. She realizes she is at high risk for cardi
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Complete Question:

Linda has had several family members die from heart disease-related complications. She realizes she is at high risk for cardiovascular disease, and some of this risk is attributable to her genetic makeup. All of the following are genetic variations that may increase heart disease risk EXCEPT

A. eating a diet high in saturated and trans fat.

B. having abnormally high levels of homocysteine.

C. having elevated blood cholesterol.

Answer:

A. eating a diet high in saturated and trans fat.

Explanation:

The genetic makeup of any human are the genes that are responsible for what the characteristics that the human possesses. It is passed down from the genes of the parents down to the offsprings and one has little or no influence over it.

Of all the options provided, only the option A which talks about Linda’s diet had nothing to do with her genetic makeup, it is completely under the personal control of Linda. The other factors however, are inherited and are determined by genetic makeup.

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3 years ago
You discover that your friend has been experimenting with drugs and you notice that his behavior is increasingly aggressive. It'
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You have to tell the adult as soon as possible. Don't let anyone experiment on something without adult's supervision. 
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3 years ago
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The abdominal thrust is administered to the victim's throat.True or False?​
ella [17]

Answer:

Fasle

Explanation:

The abdominal thrust, as the name suggest, is administered to the abdomen. Specifically, it targets the diaphragm. It is a way to dislodge a foreign object stuck in someone's trachea - i.e. to stop someone from choking.

The giver stands behind the choking individual and applies firm pressure to their diaphragm with a fist, which should force the lungs to expel the object.

It is better known as the Heimlich maneuver.

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3 years ago
Write a brief summary of pickleball in your own words
Dafna1 [17]

Answer:

Players on each side must make the ball to bounce once before volleys are allowed, and on each side of the net there's also a seven-foot no-volley zone to avoid "spiking." The server continues to serve until he or she faults, alternating service courts.

Basic Rules

Pickleball is played either as doubles (two players per team) or singles; doubles is most common

The same size playing area and rules are used for both singles and doubles

The Serve

The server’s arm must be moving in an upward arc when the ball is struck.

Paddle contact with the ball must not be made above the waist level.

The head of the paddle must not be above the highest part of the wrist at contact.

A ‘drop serve’ is also permitted in which case none of the elements above apply.

At the time the ball is struck, the server’s feet may not touch the court or outside the imaginary extension of the sideline or centerline and at least one foot must be behind the baseline on the playing surface or the ground behind the baseline.

The serve is made diagonally crosscourt and must land within the confines of the opposite diagonal court.

Only one serve attempt is allowed per server.

Serving Sequence

Both players on the serving doubles team have the opportunity to serve and score points until they commit a fault *(except for the first service sequence of each new game).

The first serve of each side-out is made from the right/even court.

If a point is scored, the server switches sides and the server initiates the next serve from the left/odd court.

As subsequent points are scored, the server continues switching back and forth until a fault is committed and the first server loses the serve.

When the first server loses the serve the partner then serves from their correct side of the court (except for the first service sequence of the game*).

The second server continues serving until his team commits a fault and loses the serve to the opposing team.

Once the service goes to the opposition (at side out), the first serve is from the right/even court and both players on that team have the opportunity to serve and score points until their team commits two faults.

In singles the server serves from the right/even court when his or her score is even and from the left/odd when the score is odd.

*At the beginning of each new game only one partner on the serving team has the opportunity to serve before faulting, after which the service passes to the receiving team.

Scoring

Points are scored only by the serving team.    

Games are normally played to 11 points, win by 2.

Tournament games may be to 15 or 21, win by 2.

When the serving team’s score is even (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10) the player who was the first server in the game for that team will be in the right/even court when serving or receiving; when odd (1, 3, 5, 7, 9) that player will be in the left/odd court when serving or receiving.

Two-Bounce Rule

When the ball is served, the receiving team must let it bounce before returning, and then the serving team must let it bounce before returning, thus two bounces.

After the ball has bounced once in each team’s court, both teams may either volley the ball (hit the ball before it bounces) or play it off a bounce (ground stroke).

The two-bounce rule eliminates the serve and volley advantage and extends rallies.

Non-Volley Zone

The non-volley zone is the court area within 7 feet on both sides of the net.

Volleying is prohibited within the non-volley zone. This rule prevents players from executing smashes from a position within the zone.

It is a fault if, when volleying a ball, the player steps on the non-volley zone, including the line and/or when the player’s momentum causes them or anything they are wearing or carrying to touch the non-volley zone including the associated lines.

It is a fault if, after volleying, a player is carried by momentum into or touches the non-volley zone, even if the volleyed ball is declared dead before this happens.

A player may legally be in the non-volley zone any time other than when volleying a ball.

The non-volley zone is commonly referred to as “the kitchen.”

Line Calls

A ball contacting any part of any line, except the non-volley zone line on a serve, is considered “in.”

A serve contacting the non-volley zone line is short and a fault.

Faults

A fault is any action that stops play because of a rule violation.

A fault by the receiving team results in a point for the serving team.

A fault by the serving team results in the server’s loss of serve or side out.

Determining Serving Team

Any fair method can be used to determine which player or team has first choice of side, service, or receive. (Example: Write a 1 or 2 on the back of the score sheet.)

(hope this helped i also putted all the ruls of the game can i plz have brainlist :D hehe)

Explanation:

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