Without you providing us with the diagram, I can still offer you some thought about the effect of the Smoot-Hawley Act and protective tariffs. Sponsored by Senator Reed Smoot and Congressman Willis Hawley, the intent of their tariff act was to protect American jobs during the economic crisis of the Depression. However, when the US imposed protective tariffs, other nations retaliated with tariffs of their own. Thus American exports and imports were cut in half and the Depression grew worse, not better.
We should note this too: While economists agree that Smoot-Hawley worsened the Depression, how large of a factor it was is a matter that economists debate. Some say the tariffs played a minor role compared to other aggravating factors of the Depression. However, the Foundation for Economic Education asserts that the economists who want to minimize the role of the Tariff Act are wrong to do so. Underestimating the negative impact of protective tariffs can be very dangerous economically -- then and now.
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During the Reconstruction period of 1865–1877, federal law provided civil rights protection in the U.S. South for freedmen, the African Americans who had formerly been slaves. In the 1870s, Democrats gradually returned to power in the Southern states, sometimes as a result of elections in which paramilitary groups intimidated opponents, attacking blacks or preventing them from voting. Gubernatorial elections were close and disputed in Louisiana for years, with extreme violence being unleashed during the campaigns. In 1877, a national compromise to gain Southern support in the presidential election resulted in the last of the federal troops being withdrawn from the South. White Democrats had regained political power in every Southern state. These conservative, white, Democratic Redeemer governments legislated Jim Crow laws, which segregated black people from the white population, and upheld them constitutionally as “separate but equal” rights.
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b) helped write new state constitutions
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Over cultural differences, as well as slavery, language, and religions
