The most direct effect of poll taxes and literacy tests on african americans was that they made it extremely difficult for African Americans to vote freely in elections in the South, since African Americans were at a very unfair disadvantage due to a lack of money and education.
Answer:
The compass
Explanation:
A compass can be defined as an electronic or magnetic instrument (device) designed and developed to determine cardinal location and direction from a reference point. It is embedded with the four cardinal points of the Earth; north, west, south and east.
The compass was a piece of technology which allowed the Portuguese to set up their trade empire throughout the Indian Ocean region.
Basically, it was used to find their bearing and direction.