Answer:
Transcription control is the foundation of gene regulation. Whereas a cell is fully equipped for this task, viruses often depend on the host to supply tools for their transcription program. Over the course of evolution and adaptation, viruses have found diverse ways to optimally exploit cellular host processes such as transcription to their own benefit. Just as cells are increasingly understood to employ nascent RNAs in transcription regulation, recent discoveries are revealing how viruses use nascent RNAs to benefit their own gene expression. In this review, we first outline the two different transcription programs used by viruses, i.e., transcription (DNA-dependent) and RNA-dependent RNA synthesis. Subsequently, we use the distinct stages (initiation, elongation, termination) to describe the latest insights into nascent RNA-mediated regulation in the context of each relevant stage.
Keywords: transcription, nascent RNA, HIV-1, influenza, Epstein-Barr virus, RNA polymerase II, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, respiratory syncytial virus
Answer:
The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell is D. Eukaryotic cells have a more complex cellullar organization.
Explanation:
The eukaryotic cells are different from prokaryotic because both have fundamental anatomical and biochemical distinctions. This distinctions are not a question of size or shape.
Some of the basic differences are:
Eukaryotic cells have a membrane enveloped nucleus and internal organelles as mithocondrial, lysosomal and golgi apparatus. Only these cells have chromatin structure.
Glucose, water etc.... doesn't require ATP !
these molecule does not require energy to pass from the cell. it happens according to concentration gradient or by passive transport !!!
Answer:
(c) sharing of one or more resources between the two species
Explanation:
The total interaction of a species with its environment, or its functional position or status in an ecosystem, is referred to as its ecological niche. The structural adaptations, physical responces, and behaviour of a species determine its ecological niche.
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Answer: True
Explanation: Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is a blood circulation disorder that causes the blood vessels such as arteries (atherosclerosis) and veins outside the heart and brain to narrow, block, or spasm. PVD causes pain and fatigue especially during exercise. Risk factors may include ageing, diabetes and smoking.