A: The Civil War
Assuming that you're talking about the American (U.S) civil war, that is.
The civil war was a conflict between the rights of the (slave owning) states and the national government. A war about state rights.
The war of 1812 was between 2 independent, sovereign nations.
The great depression was just an economic thing.
The northwest ordnance, I have the least knowledge of, but it still wasn't between states and the national government.
Hope this helps.
When a political party comes to power, its leaders tend to place many of their faithful followers into important public offices. The use of public offices as rewards for political party work is known as the "Spoils System." The system is popular in numerous nations.
Napolean lost a huge part of his army especially is russia due to the harsh winters.
Here are the consumerism cycle :
Earn money >> Buy stuff >> consume >> Want more >> Back to Earn money
on this Cycles, the manufacturers role is to provide a product that the market is lusting for, promoting Consumerism