Three main motivations for European exploration are the need to spread their religion (Christianity), improving the economy (acquiring more spices,gold,goods) and lastly, faster trading routes. Hope this helped :))
Question 11: I'm guessing number 4, since the reform movements that arose during the antebellum period in America focused on specific issues: temperance, abolishing imprisonment for debt, pacifism, antislavery, abolishing capital punishment, amelioration of prison conditions
Question 12: Spoils system, also called patronage system, practice in which the political party winning an election rewards its campaign workers and other active supporters by appointment to government posts and by other favors. So it would be number 3
"<span>A group of young girls were accused of having visions and consorting with the devil" is the best option from the list. These trials were very flawed in that there was no way to provide proof of anyone being a witch.</span>
Most of the railroads were individually owned so to support an internal east west trading system all the companies would have to cooperate
