Answer:
1. adopt their husbands' surnames
Explanation:
Married women legally adopt their husband's surname, similar to the Spanish naming customs practised over centuries and until the present.
The surname rules can have some exceptions but, generally speaking, the Hispanics in Latin America will have two given names, including a paternal  (primer apellido or apellido paterno) , and the maternal  (segundo apellido or apellido materno) surnames.
When women are single, they use both surnames, and once they get married they will take the surname of the husband. This is an accepted and common practice that still exists today.
In some instances, she will be asked to provide her original maternal surname. 
 
        
             
        
        
        
He basically was spreading all of his ideas
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
c.  were often the result of civil wars between tribes within a country
Explanation:
As a result of colonial history and rulings in Africa, the borders of the countries did not form naturally by the people of different communities but were made by dividing the land between colonizers and armies.
Because of that, various tribes and ethnic communities were “cut off” from their people, <u>while being stuck in the same legal country with people they did not share values with.</u><u> </u>During the 20th century, this resulted in many problems and fights, as well as wars in different countries.<u> They would be sometimes settled only by the military dictatorship.</u>