Answer:
The correct answer is True.
Explanation:
Product differentiation is a competitive strategy that aims to make the consumer perceive the good or service offered by a company differently from those of the competition.
The cost leadership strategy is to find and maintain a low cost position compared to the competition, this will allow the company to obtain higher returns than the industry average.
There is a relationship between the cost leadership strategy and the possession of a high market share, this is because having a high market share allows the appearance of economies of scale and economies of experience, both contribute to reducing unit costs.
Answer:
The amount of dividends paid to common stockholders in 2016 is $4000
Explanation:
The cumulative preferred shares are the shares that accumulate dividends in case the dividends on these shares are not paid or paid partially in a year. The accumulated dividends will need to be paid first whenever the company declares dividends.
The amounts of dividends on preferred share for one year is,
Dividends - Preferred shares = 20 * 0.05 * 1500 = $1500
Thus, the accumulated dividends on these preferred shares at start of 2016 is,
Accumulated dividends - Preferred shares = 1500 * 3 = $4500
The common shares holders are paid after the preferred share holders have been paid. This means that we will deduct the amount of accumulated dividends on preferred shares and the dividends for this year on preferred shares from the total dividends to calculate the amount to be paid to common share holders as dividends.
Common stock dividends = 10000 - (4500 + 1500) = $4000
To complete the statement above, research indicates that the
efficiencies of managing through centralized control may be ‘greater’ when
operating the environments of divisions in multidivisional organizations are
relatively ‘stable and predictable’. It is because when there is a presence of
stable and predictable in operating the environments of division in
multidivisional organization, there will likely be a result of their managing
to be more effective because it is not destructive but stable.
FMEA can be implemented at a bioproduction facility following the list of 7 steps which includes different parameters to look for.
Lonza harnessed FMEA priciples earnestly to shift cell therapy works to its centre of excellence and thus utilise New Hampshire unit for clinical and manufacturing purpose.
Explanation:
FMEA or Failure Mode or Effects Analysis is a certified way to analyse and address any sort of problem or changes before the occurrence of the event itself. FMEA can be implemented very easily in the bioproduction facility using the following mentioned steps-
- Need to select a process which is to be analysed.
- Group the team facilitator and its members.
- Provide a complete description of the process.
- Identify all the potential zones of failures.
- Sort the problem which is to be worked on.
- Design and later implement appropriate changes to reduce the problems.
- Quantify your changes and the success of the process.
Lonza’s facility at New Hampshire is one of the largest employment providers of the city. Recently the group was involved in specific problems such as sterility with cell therapy. Previously it had an FDA encounter too due to its biologic’s operation. Hence through FMEA, the group decided to allot its gene therapy work to its excellence centres elsewhere and New Hampshire would be involved in doing the works of clinical and manufacturing sites.
