Answer:
<h2>d. British debt after the French and Indian War led to increased taxation in the colonies.</h2>
Explanation:
The Seven Years War was fought in Europe from 1756-63. That conflict as it extended to colonial territories in the New World was known as the French and Indian War. The war had cost the British treasury 70 million pounds, which doubled their national debt. The British felt they were entitled to tax the colonies for military protection against Indian tribes.
We might also note that France's loss in that war played a role in the American Revolution too. Losing the conflict in North America to the British didn’t sit well with France. So, when the colonial Americans broke out in revolution against the British monarchy (in large measure about the taxation issue), France devoted enormous financial aid (as well as officer support) to the Americans. The cost to France for supporting America’s revolution added up to 1 billion livres (about 4 billion in today’s dollars).
The need for a stronger Federal government soon became apparent and eventually led to the Constitutional Convention in 1787. The present United States Constitution replaced the Articles of Confederation on March 4, 1789.
When then-President Boris Yeltsin stood on a tank in 1991, waving a fist in defiance of communist hard-liners, he heralded a new dawn for Russia.The Soviet Union collapsed months later, promising to usher in a new era of Western-style democracy. But at the end of Yeltsin's rule, eight years later, democracy had become a dirty word for most Russians.President Vladimir Putin often is praised for bringing an end to what some see as a reign of lawlessness and corruption under Yeltsin, his predecessor. But not everyone agrees. Some officials who ran the government under Yeltsin say Putin has put an end to a period of positive change.
This clearly repudiated the Supreme Court’s notorious 1857 Dred Scott decision, in which Chief Justice Roger Taney wrote that a Black man, even if born free, could not claim rights of citizenship under the federal constitution.
