B. a poor measure of economic activities i think
The Catholic Church considered some thinkers of the scientific revolution to be heretics because these thinkers challenged the orthodoxy of the church or the beliefs that the church had preached for centuries. One of the main beliefs that the Catholic Church considered herecy was that the sun was the center of the universe rather than what had previously been believed which was that the earth was the center of the universe.
I do not know exactly what answer you are looking for here considering the fact that there are many differences between the actions of animals and humans. The best answer I would give is that people have a sense of what is wrong and right and decide based on a moral subconscious. Animals act on they need to survive and do not care about acting civilized or what is right and wrong.
