<span>A) England was experiencing internal conflict between different political leaders, while France, Spain, and Russia were mostly at peace.</span>
<span>A.
The French Revolution reintroduced feudalism in Europe, but the
American Revolution led to the end of feudalism in North America.
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Alea iacta est ("The die is cast") is a variation of a Latin phrase (iacta alea est) attributed by Suetonius to Julius Caesar who pronounced it in the year 49 B.C. when he was leading his army across the Rubicon river in the current territories of Northern Italy. Subsequently, he entered in Italy heading his army and defying the Roman Senate and it meant the beginning of the civil war versus Pompey and the Optimates.
- Plutarch, referred to the same event in his written testimonies and reported the phrase but stating it was pronounced in Greek instead of Latin and that its translation meant: <em>'Let the die be cast'.</em>
- Suetonius described the same situation, reporting a very similar phrase but not exactly the same. Let's include the exact excerpt of his writings where he did so.
<em>Caesar: '... iacta alea est,' inquit.</em>
<em>Caesar said, "The die has been cast."</em>
Thefore there are two very similar versions of the same historical events. Usually the Latin version is the most widely known, as the Latin language was more widespread all over Europe and gave rise to all the current family of Latin languages (Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, etc).
An empire is an aggregate of many separate states or territories under a supreme ruler or oligarchy.
And Rome or Italian Roma is a city in and the capital of Italy, in the central part, on the Tiber.
So basically, Rome is also an empire, you can call it the Roman Empire.
