The correct option is WORLD WAR 1.
The mandate system in the Middle East was a league of nation mandate that was founded after the first world war. The middle east countries that were affected are: Lebanon, Syria, Iraq and Palestine. These countries were shared between France and Britain. France oversee Lebanon and Syria while Britain oversee Iraq and Palestine.
Because of the good green grass that there is.
The main effect of the system of sharecropping and debt peonage put in place in the south after the civil war is :
b. african americans were prevented from leaving the plantations where they had been enslaved
So basically those African Americans were trapped into more work for in order to "pay up" their debt
hope this helps