The light enters the retina and goes to the back of the brain where it is reflected from three different angles and given color by the (vocabulary word i forgot) in the back of the eye so that it comes back to the center of your eye in a clear picture with color.
Classical conditioning is based on Pavlov's experiments. The most famous and used example is that of a salivating dog. Pavlov would ring a bell before feeding the dog, up to the point where the dog would learn, or became conditioned, that whenever the bell would ring, it was about to be fed. Thus, every instance where Pavlov rang the bell, the dog would salivate as its brain prepared the body for feeding.
It would be all of the above because you use your hands in all of them and also have to recat/move quickly.
