Categorical variables are simply statistical variables which are non - numeric, usually employed in characterization and groupings based on a certain number of fixed attributes, categories. In the options atated above, the categorical variables fall under a heading with a limited and fixed attributes such as color, pet and genre of music. However, options such as number of siblings and profit are purely numeric variables which can take up any numeric digits and allow for direct numeric computation. They are called quantitative variables.
Hmm, let's see. Well a triangle's dimensions add up to 180. If both sides given add up to 14. Simply subtract 180 by 14. You get, 166. If I'm wrong, feel free to correct me on that :)