Many very distantly related species of birds (e.g., penguins, ostriches, flightless ducks, and rails) share the trait of flightl
essness even though their ancient common ancestors were able to fly. This independent evolution of flightlessness in many distantly related taxa exemplifies what type(s) of evolutionary/phylogenetic patterns?(A) Convergent evolution(B) Evolutionary reversal(C) A homoplastic trait(D) A synapomorphic trait(E) a, b, and c
Flightlessness birds are distant, so this feature appeared different times in the phylogenic tree of the birds. This means, that this trait is not synapomorphic. It is a result of convergent evolution in these species (penguins, ostriches, flightless ducks, and rails), probably as a consequence of similar environmental pressures or advantages. Also, it is a homoplasic trait because this feature has not a recent common ancestor to these species. Finally, it is an evolutionary reversal too because it is a trait that bird's ancestors had, but not the most immediate ancestor of these birds.
it’s gravity holds the solar system together keeping everything from the biggest planet to the smallest particles of debris in its orbit the connection and interactions between the sun and earth drive to seasons ocean current weather climate radiation belt and auroras
<span>Phytochemicals
Phytochemicals are biologically active however they are non-nutrient because they are not required. But they are active biologically active in that some can be used to protect cells from oxidative damage in the form of antioxidants.</span>
