Answer:
Explanation:
The cell membrane separates the cell from the outer environment. The extracellular fluid contains the sodium ions (Na+), chloride ions (Cl-), while intracellular fluid contains potassium (K +) and negative anions.
The potential difference arises when the membrane is selectively permeable to some ions. The resting potential is -70mV.
When the neurons get excited, the sodium ions start to enter by sodium channels.
Now there are more positive ions inside the cell membrane. It disturbs the resting potential i.e. -70mV. This stage is known as depolarization.
When the inside environment of the cell is more positively charged, the potassium ions start to move out of the cell. It goes out by the voltage-gated channels. Thus resting stage is maintained and it is known as repolarization.
But the initial stability of the cell membrane has to be maintained. To restore the resting stage, the sodium ions start to move out of the membrane and potassium ions enter into the cells again. This is an active transport and has done by the Na+ - K+ pump. Here 3 sodium ions move out and 2 potassium ions pumped into the cell through the plasma membrane.
Thus the resting potential regains. The potassium ions come back into the cells against the concentration gradient and ATP provides the energy for this phenomena.
Answer:C). A phospholipid bilayer with proteins
Explanation: A cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded in it. The fatty acyl chains of the phospholipids are non polar and hydrophobic while the phosphate groups are polar and hydrophilic. The hydrophobic regions of the phospholipids interact with each by facing each other, forming a bilayer with a fluid interior. The polar head groups face outward interacting with the external environment of the cell. Proteins are embedded in this bilayer and they float in this sea of phospholipids. Proteins anchored to the membrane through interactions between the hydrophobic regions of the phospholipids and the amino acid side chains of the proteins. These lipids and proteins swim laterally in each face of the bilayer but movement from one face of the bilayer to another is restricted.
The sudden change in climate is as a result of the interaction of the atmosphere and the lithosphere. The heavy rains at high altitude are as a result of relief rainfall. The mountain acts as a barrier, causing the air to rise. Once air rises it cools and condenses. Cloud formation often leads to precipitation on the windward side of the mountain.
These are signs of amniotic fluid embolism, a rare emergency that can occur during the very last stages of labour. This is caused by the circulation of amniotic fluid in the blood stream of the pregnant woman. The nurse should administer oxygen using a facemask, in order to increase the oxygen intake of the woman.
I believe the child is demonstrating Animism.
Animism is belief in innumerable spiritual beings concerned with human affairs and capable of helping or harming human interests. It is a belief that all things have a spirit or soul, including animals, plants, rivers, mountains or feared or in some way attended to. Animists believe each animal is a powerful spirit that can help or hurt them and are to be worshipped or feared or attended to.