The two factors that made the Louisiana colony not being a success early on were lack of supplies and food shortage.
In 1607 English people established the Jamestown colony (called that way after King James I). The colonists were told they had to produce wealth, if not they wouldn't get any financial support. Therefore, they tried to find gold but they couldn't.
As a consequence, they didn't receive financial support and couldn't afford to get supplies or food to eat. It was a starving period in which many Native American groups had to start farming to produce something to eat.
