The federal reserve is the central bank of the United States of America. It is considered as an independent bank because it does not need permission from the President to make transactions. Moreover, it does not benefit from the Congress' budget. The federal reserve only gives emergency loans to commercial banks during times of crisis to prevent bankruptcy.
Answer:
c) a firm does not have sufficient time to change the level of use some of its inputs.
Explanation:
The definition of short-run in economics is not a term to be used for a specific certain period of time but it means that the period of time is too short that the firms cannot change the level they are using of some of their inputs or costs. It means they do have fixed costs they cannot change. For example, all machinery installed, a yearly rent paid, electricity or others that the firm cannot change unless there is sufficient time. In a short period of time, it will have those costs anyway. The firm cannot change the level of that input. And it is short run of at least one input. It may be many. But it is not necessary to have all inputs unchanged to consider that period of time as short-run.
However, firms can change level of inputs if they have more time. That is cost the long run. All costs are variable costs when we are in long run.
Price elasticity can be calculated using the attached formula where:
the first term represents the % change in quantity and the second term represents the % change in price
% change in quantity = (100-120) / (220/2) = -2/11 x 100 = -18.1818%
% change in price = (7-5) / (12/2) = 33.3333%
price elasticity = 18.1818/33.3333 = 0.55Note that the price elasticity is usually taken as an absolute value.
In a traditional IRA there is either an equal or near to equal contribution made by employer. So, if $3,500 is to be invested let's assume that another $3,500 to be invested by employer with a total contribution (of 3500+3500=7000) the net contribution would be the same as the total contribution, tax rate is not given. Let's assume tax assume tax slab of 28%. Traditional IRS-matching contribution from employer Net contribution-$3,500+3,500=7,000 Roth IRA Assumption-Tax bracket of 28% Net contribution= amount invested minus tax=$3500 minus (28% on 3500)= $3500- $980=$2520 Hence net contribution is not of taxes in case of Roth IRA Once the traditional IRA or Roth IRA is established, you decide to invest the proceeds in a mutual fund. Identify the type of mutual fund you would select.