Cognitive surplus results when leisure time and available tools allow us to engage in creative acts. It is a term that was introduced by Clay Shirky which pertains to the synthesis of the excess of people's energy, time and creativity leading to productivity sharing and creation.
Answer:
Solution: In this case, the system can be modeled as a function with two output signals,

where

where(x(t), y(t)) is the position of the tail in they plane. This model Is Clearly not linear. If the Input torque doubles, for example, the output values will not double. In fact, the output values are constrained to lie on a circle centered at the origin, regardless of the Input. For this reason, the model is BIBO stable. The output is always bounded. Thus, while our previous model was linear and unstable, this one Is nonlinear and stable. Which model is more useful?
Answer:
Simple, really
Explanation:
3Rd one is pretty easy, all you have to do is read closely.
Tcp/ip is the core communication protocol for the internet