Logos is appeal to reason or logic. It uses facts and evidence to convince a reader or listener of the strength of your argument.
The answer I think is true from common sense
A person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country
Character,setting,plot,point of view,style,tone,theme?
When we say essential appositive, this is the phrase that is considered as an important part of the sentence that describes the noun and cannot be omitted for this will change the thought of the sentence. Based on the given sentence above, the essential appositive would be "Famed Astronomer". The answer would be the first option.