D. It launched several failed efforts to capture British territories in the
region.
Explanation:
- Almost all areas fell into the hands of the British.
- It is also important to note that non-Ottoman subjects refused to help the Ottoman Empire solely because of the nationalist attitude of the Young Turk leadership. Particularly prominent here were the Arabs over whom Cemal, the new Pasha, pursued a policy of terror.
- It frightened the Arab population, but it also increased the will to resist. The Arabs were supported by France and the United Kingdom, and at their instigation Makkah Husain uprising against the Ottoman rule in 1916 and declared himself King of Arabia in October of that year. Anything that was British or French zone of influence became a new independent state inhabited by Arabs.
- Subsequently, a "desert uprising" led by an English colonel and secret agent, Thomas Edward Lawrence, began, and so the Ottoman rule in the Arab countries was increasingly losing influence.
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The Mandate of Heaven is a Chinese political and religious doctrine to justify the rule of the King or Emperor of China. According to this belief, <em>Heaven</em> bestows a mandate on the ruler of China. However, if he was overthrown, or if natural disasters occurred, this was considered an indication that the ruler had lost the mandate. Therefore, civilian rebellions were accepted as part of the cycle. The cycle had the following pattern:
- A New Dynasty Rises
- A New Dynasty Rules
- Mandate of Heaven Lost by the Dynasty
- The Dynasty Grows Weak
- Period of Violence Follows
According to Chinese citizens, a new dynasty would rise and become powerful. This would lead them to rule as long as they received the mandate of heaven. However, if heaven was displeased with the ruler, the dynasty would lose its mandate. As a consequence, China would experience natural disasters, rebellions and the weakening of the dynasty. A period of violence and rebellion on the part of the citizens would follow, until a different dynasty arose from the chaos and became the ruling dynasty and the cycle continued.
The "Holy Experiment" was an attempt by the Religious Society of Friends, also known as Quakers, to establish a community for themselves and other persecuted religious minorities in what would become the modern state of Pennsylvania.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Thomas Jefferson highly disagreed with Alexander Hamilton on the needs of a National Bank. They had to go to court and speak their cases to George Washington. Jefferson still didn't like the idea of a National Bank, even after Washington approved it.
Interest in HAWAII<span> began in America as early as the 1820s, when New England missionaries tried in earnest to spread their faith. Since the 1840s, keeping European powers out of Hawaii became a principal foreign policy goal. Americans acquired a true foothold in Hawaii as a result of the </span>SUGAR TRADE<span>. The United States government provided generous terms to Hawaiian sugar growers, and after the Civil War, profits began to swell.</span>
