Answer:
a. Viral infections may lead to inflammation between the ribs (i.e., costochondritis)
b. Viral infection
c. Viral infection may lead to the influx of chemical mediators (cytokines), increased blood flow, and movement of plasma and white blood cells (leukocytes) from the blood into the injured site
Explanation:
Costochondritis is a painful condition caused by the inflammation of the cartilage that joins the ribs to the breastbone (this joint is known as the “costochondral joint”). Costochondritis is caused by inflammation of the costochondral joint, which may be triggered by multiple causes including, among others, viral/bacterial/fungal infections, exercise or strenuous activity, chest trauma, osteoarthritis, presence of tumors, etc. Acute inflammation is the immediate immune response of the body to harmful stimuli (e.g., viral infections), which is characterized by the increased movement of white blood cells (such as neutrophils and macrophages) that rapidly travel from the blood into the injured area. This plasma contains chemical mediators like pro-inflammatory cytokines which are secreted from immune cells (e.g., Th1 cells, CD4+ cells, macrophages) in order to promote inflammation.
A swarm of locusts would negatively affect an environment, due to the fact that they would consume a large amount of vegetation.<span />
I believe the answer is UNAIDS. hope this helps!
Answer:
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Vacuoles are storage organelles that are found in both animal and plant cells. They store food or any other forms of nutrients, they also store waste products so as to protect the contamination of the cell environment. These waste products are sent out of the cell via vacuoles. In plants the vacuoles are larger than in animals. The vacuole provides plant nourishment in the scarcity of water in the external environment hence, prevents the wilting of plants.