Question

The sugars associated with glycoproteins and glycolipids of animal cell membranes is called

Answer 1

Answer:

oligosaccharides

Explanation:

Oligosaccharides are basically carbohydrate polymer that contain 3 to 9 monosaccharide residues connected by glycosidic linkages. They are normally present as glycans.

Oligosaccharide linked to lipid(as in glycolipid) or to amino acid side chain in protein(as in glycoprotein) via N-glycosidic bonds or O- glycosidic bonds.  N-Linked oligosaccharides are always pentasaccharides attached to asparagine via a beta linkage to the amine nitrogen of the side chain.Whereas, O-linked oligosaccharides are generally attached to threonine or serine on the alcohol group of the side chain.

Glycoproteins have a specific oligosaccharide structure that has a profound effect on many of their properties affecting critical functions such as cell surface receptors, immunoglobins etc

Glycolipids are mainly found in lipid bilayer. They are important for cell recognition and for modulating the function of membrane proteins that act as receptors.Here the head of oligosaccharides serve as a binding partner in receptor activity.

Answer 2

Answer:

Oligosacharrides.

Explanation:

Theses are maromolecules (large chains of repeated monomers) . They are  formed  by the bonding of  Carbohydrate(Oligosaccharides)  to amino acids side chains, by a covalent bonds  through peptides bonds as in Glycoprotein, and through the  bonding of Oligosaccharides  covalently through glycosidic bonds  to the Lipids as in Glycolipids. Nonetheless  Glycoprotein is a protein, while Glyco;ipids is a lipid.

Groups of  carbohydrates with 2-10 monosaccharides units (  simple sugar) are Oligosaccharrides. These monosacchrides units are linked together by the glycosidic bonds ( depending on whether the sugar bonds with Oxygen or Nitrogen atoms  in the Oligo-molecule).

Based on the number of monosaccharides units in Oligo-molecule;they can be named as diasaccharides which are  two monosaccharides joined together by condensation reaction. They are the most  abundant form of oligosaccharides,

Example are common sucrose,maltose, lactose etc .Sucrose is the most  abundant in plant cells, and the main sweet source of sugarcane.it is formed when two monosacharrides units( glucose and fructose) joined by condensation reaction.

When bonded with other molecules as in glycoproteins and glycolipids they assumed different roles of cell recognition and stability.