1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
galben [10]
3 years ago
12

Superantigens produce intense immune responses by stimulating lymphocytes to produce Superantigens produce intense immune respon

ses by stimulating lymphocytes to produce:_______. a. exotoxins. b. endotoxins. c. interferons. d. cytokines. e. leukocidins.
Biology
1 answer:
Viktor [21]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Superantigens produce intense immune responses by stimulating lymphocytes to produce cytokines.

Explanation:

Superantigens are a group of bifunctional proteins that interact with at least two receptors expressed on different cells.  The superantigen´s receptors in lymphocyte T is located in the same place where the lymphocyte interacts with a conventional antigen, RCT. The capability of these superantigens to join their receptors in many T cells, shoots a series of processes that conduce to cellular activation, differentiation, proliferation, and great production and release of cytokine.    

Superantigens constitute the most potent natural immunostimulators known.

You might be interested in
How does a producer create its own food?
AleksandrR [38]

photosynthesis!!!

Leaves from the plant absorb light from the sun. Leaves of plants also absorb the air that people breathe out, carbon dioxide

4 0
3 years ago
Why can’t the mule reproduce ??
Mice21 [21]

Answer:

its being called a miracle because mules aren't supposed to give birth haha, they're sterile, they can't make sperm or eggs because their chromosomes don't match up well, and coz of chromosomes number.

Explanation:

for example they have 31 and horses have 32 pairs of chromosomes so they cant match with anythin

8 0
3 years ago
Write a three paragraph essay on cellular respiration.Each paragraph should cover one step,in order.Each paragraph should be 3-5
inna [77]

Answer:

Cellular Respiration

As you all know, cellular respiration is one of the, if not the, most important process that goes on in our bodies and other animals' bodies today. Cellular respiration is the process that is opposite from photosynthesis. While plants are taking in carbon dioxide and water to make sugar and oxygen, cellular respiration uses the oxygen and sugar o make carbon dioxide, water and 36 ATP. The three "mini processes" that take place during cellular respiration are glycolysis, oxidative respiration, and the electron transport chain. Fermentation also occurs in some cases where there is no oxygen present.

Glycolysis is the first stage in cellular respiration. It starts with a six-carbon glucose. Then, two ATP come and are converted to two ADP and two phosphates. Those same phosphates are added to the glucose to make a six-carbon glucose phosphate. That is then divided into two 3-carbon sugar phosphates. ADP comes and leaves charged as ATP because of the phosphate. Without the phosphates the process finishes with two 3-carbon piruvates.

If there is no oxygen present after glycolysis, then the next process is fermentation. Fermentation takes the 3-carbon piruvates from glycolysis and adds and electron to them. The result is lactic acid in animals and ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide from plants, yeast and fungi. Oxygen can then be added back to the lactic acid to form piruvate again.

After glycolysis or after the oxygen is added back to lactic acid from fermentation, the oxidative respiration, also known as the Krebs cycle, takes place. The 3-carbon piruvates are converted to acetyl-CoA. That is then turned into a 6-carbon citrate. After an electron is added to NAD+ to turn it into NADH, a 5-carbon molecule is formed. Then it turns into a 4-carbon molecule which is then recycled.

The electron transport chain is occurring the whole time that cellular respiration is taking place. It starts with a NADH and a FADH2. Electrons and hydrogen ions are added until the final results are NAD and 2H which yields 32ATP and turns O2 into H2O.

Over all there is 2ATP made during glycolysis, 2ATP made during Krebs cycle, and 32ATP made during the electron transport chain for a grand total of 36ATP!!! After all these products are made they are then converted back by photosynthesis and the cycle goes on and on and on.

5 0
3 years ago
In plants, which of the following are produced by meiosis?
prisoha [69]

Answer:

The correct answer is option c. Haploid spores.

Explanation:

In the plants, spores are normally unicellular and haploid and produced by the process of meiosis in the sporophytic body of the plant.

These haploid spores undergo the mitotic division and develop a new individual called gametophyte that forms gametes eventually.

Thus, the correct answer is option C. Haploid spores.

4 0
2 years ago
Mira is testing objects for her science experiment. She has a chart listing the mystery objects' densities, but no other informa
svetoff [14.1K]

Answer:

the answer is B

Explanation:

27÷3=9 so B

6 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Other questions:
  • Large veins arterioles capillaries large arteries 1. : site where resistance to blood flow is greatest. 2. : site where exchange
    7·1 answer
  • 24. Which term refers to cells having different jobs in an organism?
    10·1 answer
  • Today, there are hundreds of chemical pesticides made from human-made materials.
    10·2 answers
  • Woolly mammoths were grass-eating mammals that resembled elephants but with heavy coats, large tusks, and small ears that made t
    8·2 answers
  • A. True
    9·1 answer
  • The blood type trait is controlled by more than two alleles for a given gene and therefore is called multiple alleles.
    5·2 answers
  • Draw a cross section of a peach, and label the structures. What parts of the flower give rise to these structures
    6·1 answer
  • Click all of the ways the bearded seal is adapted to live in its environment.
    5·1 answer
  • Vertebrates can be classified in.
    14·2 answers
  • Which environmental concern for climate is directly related to the growing urban population of the world?
    13·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!