Christopher Columbus's voyages, Spain was the first European power to settle and colonize the largest areas, from North America
That Mayan women would participate in the economic, governmental and farming activities, and cooking food
The correct answer in my opinion would be that D is the most important factor here. But this question is quite tricky.
We can surely say for example that literature, organized schools and a hierarchy of priests are not something that constitute a civilization. Organized schools appeared to late, not every civilization had literature and having only a hierachy of priests is not enough to say you have a civilizaton.
Labor has been divided in pre-civilization hunter-gatherer societies as well.
For that reason I'd say the correct answer is D - more food than is needed for survival. Having this, the people in a certain group can focus on other things.
An absolute monarchy is a form of monarchy in which the monarch (king or queen) holds absolute power over their kingdom. They have no limits over how they rule, meaning that they are not restricted by any written laws, customs or legislature.
Declare war, appoint military officers, and sign treaties are just a few of them.
