If you are referring to concrete and abstract nouns, then "North America" would be considered a concrete noun, as one can physically touch the earth in Canada and say, "I am touching North America". If it were an abstract noun, such as fear, one would be unable to physically interact with it, as one cannot physically touch an emotion or idea.
I think the verb phrase may be "had been promised".
My boss is a good driver. He drives very well.
Answer:
The answer is D
Explanation:
This is because items in a series will sound grammatically correct if separated by a conjunction. A might seem like an ideal answer but a comma splice is using a comma to link two independent clauses.