If a new poverty measure were calculated to include wealth (total debts subtracted from total assets), that new poverty measure would reflect the fact that since the definition of poverty includes both wealth and income, it has taken on a two-dimensional form, meaning that different people with the same level of wealth may have different poverty levels. Similar to this, individuals with the same income level may have various levels of poverty.
Access to clean water, food, shelter, and clothing are examples of basic needs that can be used to gauge one's level of poverty. It has been proven that people can earn enough money to cover their basic needs but still spend it poorly.
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Answer:
The Balanced Scorecard for Management Control
Dana's company can deploy the Balanced Scorecard as a strategic management control approach which views organizational performance from four broad perspectives that are all-embracing. These perspectives include the Financial Perspective, the Customer Perspective, the Internal Business-Process Perspective, and the Learning and Growth Perspective. The aim is to ensure that control is not just about one aspect of the organization, but the whole, and a balance is struck by paying equal attention to the elements that make up an organization.
According to a well-known adage, "what you measure is what you get." The BSC approach strategically and holistically measures an organization's performance by identifying all the factors that cause improved organizational outcomes. Therefore, the benefits of using a balanced scorecard include improved internal capacity created by a focus on improving an organization's learning and growth through the Learning and Growth perspective. This cascades to improved internal processes which result from the internal perspective. With improved processes, customers and other stakeholders derive better and maximum satisfaction from the organization. This does not end here. Satisfied customers cause improved financial results, which are distributed to an organization's stakeholders, including the government in form of taxation, dividends for stockholders, and better pay for employees, etc. These stakeholders in turn try to add value to the organization with better processes and operations, improved financing, and business opportunities.
Looking at the value package of BSC, I agree with Dana that the BSC approach is better than using only financial controls alone. While financial controls are at the very core of resource management and operational efficiency in any organization, they do not represent the whole picture of management control. They are the endgames and not the starting strategies for a winning organization.
Explanation:
The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) utilizes a 360 degree approach to achieve effective control of resources toward attaining goals by viewing organizational performance from four broad perspectives, which cover all aspects of any organization. The four perspectives that BSC uses are the Financial Perspective, the Customer Perspective, the Internal Business- Process Perspective, and the Learning and Growth Perspective. By approaching performance evaluation and management with these perspectives, the Balanced Scorecard is able to achieve all-round management control because no aspect of the organization is left behind.
Answer:
$4,502
Explanation:
Brad's gross pay for the month is $6,400. His deduction for federal income tax is based on a rate of 22%.
Brad's net pay if we assume a FICAlong - OASDI Tax of 6.2% and FICAlong -Medicare Tax of 1.45%. will be:
His gross pay for the month less all the statutory deductions
$6400 - [(0.22 x 6400) + (0.062 x 6400) + (0.0145 x 6400)] = $4,502
Answer:
Yes, you can be confident that the portfolio will not lose more than 30% of its value next year
Explanation:
In this question , the average return of portfolio is 12.5% and the standard deviation is 19.5%. It is estimated that there will be 30% loss next year. The confidence interval is 95%.
Range = Average return ± 2 x Standard deviation Low aid = 12.5% - (2 x19.5%) =12.5% -39% = -26.5%
High end = 12.5% +(2 x19.5%) =12.5%+39% = 51.5%
Thus, the low end is
26.5%
The range of return at 95% confidence interval is -26.5% to 51.5%
The coupons paid by municipal bonds are exempt from federal income tax and from state tax in many states. Therefore, the higher the tax bracket that the investor is in, the more valuable the tax-exempt feature to the investor.
