<u>Sputnik </u>was the first man-made satellite to orbit Earth, launched by <u>Soviet Union</u> on October 4, 1957, inaugurated the space age. Sputnik 1, the first <u>artificial satellite</u> launched, was a 83.6-kg (184-pound) capsule.
Capitalism encourages innovation and individual goals while Socialism promotes equality and fairness among society. In the socialist economy, the resources are state-owned but in the case of the capitalist economy, the means of production are privately owned.
creating monopolies is the answer
The Supreme Court case Brown vs. Board of Education ruled that the doctrine (idea) of separate but equal in American society is unconstitutional. This case overturned the case of Plessy vs. Ferguson, which originally established the idea of "separate but equal."
This court case was monumental, as it declared segregated schools illegal. This ultimately leads to the integration of whites and African-Americans in public schools.
Chief Justice Warren gave the majority opinion of the court and discussed how segregated schools had a "detrimental effect" on African-American children. Even though schools were supposed to be separate but equal before this Supreme Court case, this was never really the case. White schools often had more resources and better buildings to learn in.
Nationalism heightened in the 19th century and heading into the 20th century. The nationalistic fervor by people in Europe had them each viewing their own nations as better than the others, in competition with the others. This would lead to an increase in tension between the nations.
Imperialism expanded on that nationalistic rivalry by carrying their competition to other parts of the globe. The nations of Europe sought to grab control for themselves over parts of Asia and Africa. When war erupted, that also meant it would become a world war because the European nations would include people from their imperial territories in the war.
Militarism grew ever more potent as the 20th century opened. The competition between nations included a massive arms race in terms of expanding armies and navies. The nations also sided up in competing military alliances and made military battle plans as to how they might fight a war if war came. When a cause for war broke out, all those preparations propelled the nations of Europe into war recklessly.
