Answer:
Oxidoreductases, transferases and hydrolases are the most abundant forms of enzymes.
Explanation:
Superantigens cause the stimulation of T cells to overproduce cytokines.
- Some pathogens in an unusual way take over the immune system and mislead it by interfering in the adaptive immune system.
- Instead of processing by APC (Antigen Presenting Cells), superantigen is directly bonded to MHC-II (Major histocompatibility complex) and TCR (T cell receptor) for a longer period than normal.
- As a result, about 20% of T cells are stimulated to produce cytokines such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-γ (INF-γ), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) known as Cytokine storm. Thereby, affected individuals experience some adverse symptoms like toxic shock syndrome and rheumatic fever.
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The answer to this question would be Rh incompatibility.
Rh or rhesus is a kind of antigen that can be found in human. Rh negative means that the mother doesn't have Rh antigen in her cell, so Rh antigen might be considered as "foreign body" and might activate white blood cell upon contact. If the father of the child has Rh positive gene, the child might become Rh positive and the child antigen can activate immune reaction and eliminated by mother white blood cells.
Rh incompatibility should be more severe in the second child since the mother white blood cells are more prepared than the first child(already sensitized).
Answer: mid-oceanic ridge
Explanation:
happens at the mid-oceanic ridge where a divergent boundary is causing two plates to move away from one another resulting in spreading of the sea floor. As the plates move apart, new material wells up and cools onto the edge of the plates.
