Answer:
$15000
Explanation:
All types of bonds have some common characteristics which include;
- A face/par value
- A coupon rate (interest rate).
- Either redeemable/irredeemable or convertible.
The face value of one bond is $1000 so the total value of 300 bonds would be $300,000 (300×$1000). In this example these are redeemable bonds which means Whitefeather Industries would be liable to payback the capital amount of bonds after five years (maturity date).
The coupon rate (i.e interest) is charged on Par value. So the Interest can be calculated as $300,000×10% = $30,000 per year.
In this question interest is payable semi-annually, therefore The amount of interest that occurs on December 31, 2017 is $15000 (For the last six months - July 1st till Dec 31st; $30000×6÷12).
The major difference that can be associated with convertible debt and stock warrants is that upon exercise of the warrants the holder has to pay a certain amount of cash to obtain the shares.
This is because in both convertible debt and stock warrants, some amount is been paid in exchange for share.
<h3>What are convertible debt and stock warrants?</h3>
Convertible debt can be regarded as a loan or debt obligation in which the payment comes with equity or stocks in a company.
A stock warrant serves as given right in purchasing company's stock at a particular time.
Learn more about convertible debt and stock warrants at;
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Inflation is undesirable because it redistributes income from those who can raise prices to those who cannot.
<h3>What is inflation?</h3>
- In the field of economics, inflation refers to an overall rise in the cost of goods and services throughout a nation.
- Each unit of currency may purchase fewer products and services as the general price level rises, hence inflation is associated with a decline in the purchasing power of money.
- A general increase in prices over time diminishes customers' purchasing power because a constant quantity of money will eventually allow for less consumption.
- Whether inflation is running at 2% or 4%, consumers still lose purchasing power; the higher inflation rate only doubles that loss.
- Those interest rates that are fixed for the duration of the loan, won't fluctuate in line with inflation.
To learn more about Inflation refer to:
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Some of the challenges of this company include lack of control over financial reporting in all branches, and inaccurate data to make decisions for next years.
DEF Ltd's main problem is the inaccuracy regarding the recognition of revenue and other inconsistencies in financial reporting. This problem includes:
- Inaccuracies related to revenue and deferred revenue.
- Lack of documentation of some transactions.
Moreover, these problems are intended to be solved through a review process and training seminars. These two ideas are useful for the problem; however, the company might face some challenges and problems such as:
- Lack of control in all branches: DEF Ltd seems to be a big company with multiple branches around the world. This makes it difficult for the company to control all financial records even if employees are educated about the process through seminars.
- Inaccurate data for next periods: Considering there are lots of inconsistencies and some of the reports are incomplete, it is likely even after the review process the company does not have complete information about the previous transactions or revenues. This can affect future projections and decisions.
Note: This question is incomplete; here is the missing part:
Using the disclosures above as a starting point, brainstorm about the challenges regarding internal controls and that a company may face in doing business internationally?
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Answer: b. hedge the bond positions
Explanation;
If the bond trader believes that he has too much inventory in 25-year ABC corporation bonds, it means he is worried that this holding can lead to potential loss.
The dealer would therefore like to act against this by hedging the bond positions which means to use derivative instruments such as interest rate swaps to ensure that the risk resulting from holding that many bonds is minimized.
