Answer:
A. an outflow or decrease of $1,000.
Explanation:
Ending balance of cash = Opening balance of cash + Net cash flow of the period
Ending balance of cash = Opening balance of cash + ( Cash flow from operating activities + cash flow from investing activities + cash flow from financing activities )
$11,000 = $4,000 + $10,000 + cash flow from investing activities - $2,000
$11,000 = $12,000 + cash flow from investing activities
Cash flow from investing activities = $11,000 - $12,000
Cash flow from investing activities = -$1,000
Solution :
Given :
The bonds offer a
of 4.5% per year
Tax rate = 10% = 0.10
Inflation rate = 2
=
+ 
= 2 + 4.5
= 6.5
=

= 

= 5.85
After tax real interest rate =
- 
= 5.85 - 2.0
= 3.85
= 7.0

=
+ 
= 7 + 4.5
= 11.5
=



= 10.35
= 11.5 x (1 - 0.10)
= 11.5 x 0.90
= 10.35
=
- 
= 10.35 - 7.0
= 3.35
Putting all the value in table :
Real interest Nominal interest After tax nominal After tax
rate rate interest rate interest rate
2.0 4.5 6.5 5.85 3.85
7.0 4.5 11.5 10.35 3.35
Comparing with the
, a
will increase the after after tax real interest rate when the government taxes nominal interest income. This tends to encourage saving, thereby increase the quantity of investment in the economy and the increase the economy's long-run growth rate.
Income elasticity of demand measures the receptiveness of the quantity demanded for a good or service to a change in income.
It's calculated as the ratio of the percentage change in quantity demanded to the percentage change in income.
Explanation:
Hope this helps!!