Sam Houston was removed from his position because he refused to swear loyalty to the confededracy
Mesopotamia belonged to a region located in the Middle East (predominantly in present-day Iraq) between two major rivers: the Tigris and the Euphrates. Their natural conditions, mainly because of soil fertility, allowed small villages to be formed on their territory.
Soil fertility was ensured by the flooding cycle of the two rivers that soaked the soil with organic material and allowed the development of agriculture and animal husbandry. The word "Mesopotamia" originates from the Greek language and means "land between rivers" in a direct mention of the importance of rivers for that region.
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