Answer:
A
Explanation:
The privately-owned school system in Smalltown generates positive externality to members of SmalltownA good has positive externality if the benefits to third parties not involved in production is greater than the cost. an example of an activity that generates positive externality is research and development. Due to the high cost of R & D, they are usually under-produced. Government can encourage the production of activities that generate positive externality by granting subsidies.
The free rider problem is a form of market failure. It occurs when people benefit from a good or service of communal nature and do not pay to enjoy these services.
The free rider has caused a decline in revenues and did not cause the private market to undersupply education to the community
The Board of Governors, also known as the Federal Reserve Board, is the national component of the Federal Reserve System. The board consists of the seven governors, appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate. Governors serve 14-year, staggered terms to ensure stability and continuity over time. The chairman and vice-chairman are appointed to four-year terms and may be reappointed subject to term limitations.
<span>Among the responsibilities of the Board of Governors are to guide monetary policy action, to analyze domestic and international economic and financial conditions, and to lead committees that study current issues, such as consumer banking laws and electronic commerce.hope this helped! :)</span>
Answer:
The correct answer is: Equal to the taxes paid divided by taxable income.
Explanation:
The effective tax rate is the ratio of the total tax burden of an individual and their taxable income. It is considered as a better representative of the tax burden of an individual than the marginal tax rate.
It shows the average rate at which an individual's income and assets are taxed. The effective tax rate of an individual is lower than the marginal tax rate.
To calculate the effective tax rate, the individuals can add their total tax burden and divide the sum by their taxable income. It represents the percentage of taxable income that an individual has to pay as taxes.
