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Legal Aspects of Journalism
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Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press or the right of the people peaceably to assemble , and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
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First amendment of the US constitution.
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A popular government, without popular information, or the means of acquiring it, is but a Prologue to a Farce or a Tragedy; or perhaps both. Knowledge will forever govern ignorance and a people who mean to be their own Governors, must arm themselves with the power which knowledge gives.
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James Madison Quote on governments and information.
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Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press or the right of the people peaceably to assemble , and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
First amendment of the US constitution.
A popular government, without popular information, or the means of acquiring it, is but a Prologue to a Farce or a Tragedy; or perhaps both. Knowledge will forever govern ignorance and a people who mean to be their own Governors, must arm themselves with the power which knowledge gives.
James Madison Quote on governments and information.
"the U.S. Supreme Court in Reno v. ALCU (1997) said "that the internet is entitled to the highest level of first Amendment protection, akin to the print medium."
David L. Hudson Jr. of the First Amendment Center Quote:
Libel
To be this, a statement "must have caused harm to the plaintiff, it must be false, and it must have been published."
spoken, written
For the most part Slander is ____, libel is ____
The Alabama Supreme Court found the times Guilty of libel because information it published in an advertisement was found to be factually wrong. The U.S. Supreme court overturned the decision saying: "debate on public issues should be uninhibited, robust, and wide-open and that it may well include vehement, caustic and sometimes unpleasantly sharp attacks on public officials."
New York Times vs. Sullivan
The U.S. Supreme court "ruled for the first time that the First Amendment encompasses an affirmative, enforceable, right of public access to criminal trials. The court concluded that the Amendment "implies a right of the public to certain information concerning the direct exercise of government power."
Richmond Newspapers vs. Virginia
"implies a right of the public to certain information concerning the direct exercise of government power."
Supreme court conclusion in Richmond Newspapers vs. Virginia that the first amendment:
"debate on public issues should be uninhibited, robust, and wide-open and that it may well include vehement, caustic and sometimes unpleasantly sharp attacks on public officials."
The US Supreme court overturned a decision from the Alabama Supreme Court saying
Law of Privileged Statements
Courts have a rule that journalists cannot be found guilty of libel for reprinting accurately testimony made in court, documents, including police reports. The basis of the decisions is the importance of friend unfettered reporting of these documents any harm done if statements contained therein turn out to be false and defamatory.