The poor standing of Leopold the 2nd is most probably attributed to the role he had in the extermination of huge amounts of people in Belgian colonies at the time. This wasn't known at the time, but today we known that Leopold the 2nd had ordered a genocide over the Congonese people.
(3) creation of Pakistan is your answer
The main reason why the border states did not secede in 1860-1862 was because they were concerned with the large amount of military coercion that was taking place in the South, and they felt that the South was ultimately unjustified in removing itself from the Union.
