Answer:
There are four types of animal tissues:
- epithelial tissue,
- connective tissue,
- muscle tissue
- nervous tissue.
After first exposure to an antigen, it can take about three weeks for antibodies to reach a detectable level. The body will react to disease by creating antibodies and testing their effectiveness against the unknown antigen.
Antibodies are the body's way of fighting off foreign threats. Also known as immunoglobulin, they detect and attack pathogenic bacteria and viruses. These antibodies detect a protein that is unique to the surface of the pathogen called the antigen.
At times, we can see an increase in antibodies for one disease, for example, <em>Lyme disease</em>, in the presence of <em><u>non-Lyme disease antigens.</u></em> This is often due to antigenic variation, which is a method used by pathogens to mask their respective antigens. There are also general use antibodies that will increase in reaction to any pathogen.
As with any illness, a patient who receives treatment sooner will fare better than those whose treatment is delayed. This is due to the fact that earlier treatment with antibiotics will allow the body to fight off the infection before the bacteria can reproduce further.
After the first immune response, antigen-specific antibodies will remain for some time to provide the body with "immunity" to the pathogen, while <u>general-purpose antibodies will return to a base value. </u>
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Proteins are made up of amino acids
Answer: If the F2 occurs in the ratio 9 blue:3 pink:4 white, one gene pair (i.e 2 genes) control the flower color phenotype.
Explanation: This principle is called INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE where one gene (dominant) won't completely override the other (recessive).
Let assume B represents the dominant gene and b represents the reccesive gene. Let also assume that Blue color is dominant over white color. We can assign the genotype as follows;
Homozygous dominant genes BB will produce Blue color
Homozygous recessive genes bb will produce white color
Heterozygous genes Bb will produce pink color.
Therefore, a pair of gene ( 2 genes) will determine the flower color phenotype.
Graphs are done on graph paper or on a computer.
2. Good scaling:
a. Your scale should be easy to interpret.
i. One square or tic mark could represent 1, 2, 5, 10, …
ii. A graph unit represents a unit of 1, 10, 20, 100, 0.1.
iii. The scale should NOT change along an axis.
iv. You can, however, use two different vertical (y) axes, with different
scales for each one.
v. Your data should NOT be clumped in one region of your graph; you
should scale your graph so that your data is distributed across each
axis.
vi. Leave room on your paper for axis labels, numbers, graph title, etc.
3. If you are making your graph on graph paper, use a ruler or straight edge to draw
your lines.
4. The dependent variable is usually plotted on the y-axis and the independent
variable is usually plotted on the x-axis.
5. Put "tick" marks on the axes and corresponding numbers next to the tick marks.
6. Label what the axes represent by including the measurement and its units.
Examples: Time (minutes), Distance (mm), etc.
7. Your graph should have a descriptive title. The reader should know what the
graph is about by reading the title.
Note: Just repeating the axis labels (ex: Distance vs. Time), does not make a
good title. The title has to describe how you conducted your experiment or what
the experiment was about.
8. Data points should be represented clearly, with easy to distinguish symbols.
9. If you are plotting more than one set of data on the same graph, include a key or
legend. Use can use different colors, symbols or types of lines (solid, dashed) to
identify different conditions or subjects.
