They're both types of active transport that are the intake of something into a cell. Khan Academy has a great article on this. I recommend checking that out.
➡️Pinocytosis is the absorption of liquids, whereas phagocytosis is the absorption of solid objects which are essentially food for the cell.✔️
➡️Both pinocytosis and phagocytosis are types of endocytosis. ✔️
➡️Endocytosis is a process by which cells absorb molecules by engulfing them.✔️
➡️These molecules often include proteins and other substances which are important for the cell’s existence. ✔️
➡️The process of endocytosis is used by all cells as the molecules are large polar molecules that cannot pass through the hydrophobic plasma or cell membrane.✔️
Pinocytosis
➡️It is the absorption of liquids, whereas phagocytosis is the absorption of solid objects which are essentially food for the cell. Almost all cells perform pinocytosis, however phagocytosis is performed only by specialized cells that protect tissues by engulfing bacteria, cell debris, and other abnormal materials.✔️
➡️Pinocytosis is essentially the process of absorbing fluid together with its contents into the cell. The cell does this by forming narrow channels through its membrane. These channels surround the liquid and all its contents and then pinch off into vesicles, hence the liquid in successfully absorbed into the cell. The molecules then fuse with lysosomes to hydrolyze or be broken down. The process of pinocytosis requires a lot of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate. This is the chemical compound that is generally used as energy in most cells.✔️
Phagocytosis
➡️It is the process of absorbing and ingestion of particles by the cell and by many protests, such as amoeba to acquire nutrients. ✔️
➡️The absorption process is similar to pinocytosis, except that instead of liquid the absorbed substance are essential nutrients, which are surrounded by channel and then pinch off into vesicles. The nutrients are then fused with lysosomes and broken down by enzymes. Any and all waste material is then expelled from the cell.✔️
Even though the cells in our body rely on glucose as a source of energy, they can replace glucose's energy with lipids or proteins' energy. In the brain's case, this is not possible since the blood-brain barrier, which is a highly selective barrier between the blood and the extracellular fluid in the central nervous system, allows the passage of glucose as the only source of energy. This is why maintaining the correct levels of glucose is crucial for the metabolism in the brain.
