Answer:
Phase III.
Explanation:
Clinical research includes the different steps to test the particular drugs and its use for the medical treatment. Clinical research is divided into four main phases.
The phase III of the clinical research includes the double blinded study and its clinical trial on the patients. This phase determines the drug safety and efficacy. The therapeutic effect of the drug is tested directly in phase III of the clinical trial.
Thus, the answer is phase III.
Answer:
B. recycle NADH back to NAD+
Explanation:
Both respiration and fermentation share a common pathway, that is glycolysis. The redox reactions of glycolysis use NAD+ as an electron acceptor and NADH is formed. To continue the process of respiration and fermentation, oxidation of NADH into NAD+ is required so that NAD+ can serve as an electron acceptor for glycolytic reactions.
Aerobic respiration oxidizes NADH into NAD+ by transferring its electrons to the terminal electron acceptor, the molecular oxygen. On the other hand, fermentation oxidizes NADH through the formation of lactic acid or ethanol from pyruvate.
Answer:
Adenine and thymine form base pairs that are held together by two bonds, while cytosine and guanine form base pairs that are held together by three bonds. Bases that bond together are known as complementary. During transcription, DNA is converted to messenger RNA (mRNA) by an enzyme called RNA polymerase.
